Nature Vs. Nurture Nature Versus Nurture - 1678 Words

Nature Versus Nurture Personality development expands far past the environment. Environment contribute to most of the personality development when it comes to nature versus nurture. Nature versus nurture is a trait that is typically inherited in the human society. Humans see things good or bad within the environment and mimic it. There are questions that still remain about nature versus nurture and the environment. Research is still ongoing and theories are still being made or developed. Scientists argue that while the nature part of the equation deals with the environment, it is the nurture part that determines how relationships are handled. Whether the relationship is healthy or unhealthy and how the relationship will be in the future. Some scientists agree the relative influences of genotypic and environmental effects vary among people and is controlled largely by environment. The Unconscious Sigmund Freud is the father of the unconscious, he theorized the Id, Ego and Superego. He was far more brilliant than many of the post-Freudian psychologists. The unconscious mind is still viewed by many psychological scientists as the shadow of a â€Å"real† conscious mind, though there now exists substantial evidence that the unconscious is not identifiably less flexible, complex, controlling, deliberative, or action-oriented than is its counterpart. The Freudian model of the unconscious is still with us and continues to exert an influence over how many people think of â€Å"theShow MoreRelatedNature Vs. Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture Essay1939 Words   |  8 PagesNature versus Nurture You got your dark brown hair from your father and you got your looks from your mother, but where did you get your excitement for sports and your love for all animals? A person’s physical characteristics lean more towards genes and heredity, but our genes are not mentioned as much when behavior is the topic. This is how the nature versus nurture debate first began. Scientists who believe in the nature theory believe that people behave the way they do due to heredity and genesRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture882 Words   |  4 Pagestheir parents. Meaning they think Nature is a big part in their life and why they are who they are. The genes in each cell in us humans determine the different traits that we have, more dominantly on the physical connections like eye color, hair color, ear size, height, and other traits. However, it is still not known whether the more abstract attributes like personality, intelligence, sexual orientation, likes and dislikes are gen e-coded in our DNA. The nurture theory has experiments showing a child’sRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture2710 Words   |  11 PagesAbstract If someone inquires about nature versus nurture, this paper will give not one specific answer but a combination of both answers. Human personality is a combination of environment and a biological characteristic that controls precisely where the individual will end up in the developmental spectrum. The experiences that individuals will develop from throughout stages of development, their childhood and into their adulthood, play a great part in their conscious and unconscious motives. TheRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture1360 Words   |  6 PagesNature vs Nurture Nature versus nurture is a complicated subject to speak about. If one’s abilities or lack of are due to their environment or their genes. For example, a child is behaving negatively in class. Many individuals are quick to jump to the conclusion that â€Å"Oh, that kid’s parents don’t care, or just don’t know how to raise their child.† That could very well be a possibility, but most people never think that maybe they have a hereditary problem, such as ADHD, that was passedRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : The Debate Of Nature Versus Nurture895 Words   |  4 PagesNature vs. Nurture The debate of nature versus nurture has been an ongoing debate for a long time. When applying this argument to education there is no proven winner. The nature side of the coin believes that a person is born the way that they are. This could include intelligence level or personality traits such as being outgoing or shy. The other side of the argument of nurture believes that the type of upbringing that someone has will play a large role in the way they develop. It is thoughtRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture1337 Words   |  6 PagesNature vs. Nurture There are many different ways that behavior can be explained, especially on the terms of nature vs. nurture. Aggression is a behavior that has been extensively analyzed in a complex manner and the causes of it can be explained many different ways. Aggression can be defined as hostile or destructive behavior that can cause injury or destructive outlook especially when caused by frustration. Nature can be defined as aspects of behavior that have been inherited or are genetic, whileRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture1602 Words   |  7 Pagesshape their personality? The nature versus nurture debate serves as one of the most ancient issues ever. As of this day in the year 2016, we have come to understand and realize that both nature and nurture do actually play very distinct roles as far as human development. It is still unknown however, whether we are developed specifically due to nature or to nurture. In the novel Frankenstein, the theme of nature versus nurture is qui te apparent. However, due to the nurture aspect in the novel, the creatureRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : The Nature Versus Nurture1268 Words   |  6 PagesOne of the most popular debates among people is the idea of nature versus nurture. According to psychology.about.com: The nature versus nurture debate is one of the oldest philosophical issues within psychology†¦nature refers to all of the genes and hereditary factors that influence who we are – from our physical appearance to our personality characteristics [while] nurture refers to all the environmental variables that impact who we are, including our early childhood experiences, how we were raisedRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture2536 Words   |  11 PagesWhen one asks the question of nature versus nurture, this paper answers â€Å"both†. Every single being conceived in the image of God is given an upper limit of potential growth, it is a combination of environment and this inborn capacity that determines exactly where the individual will end of on the developmental scale. The experiences as a person develops through childhood and into adulthood play a large role in conscious versus unconscious motives, and also the individuals’ view of themself. NotRea d MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture1856 Words   |  8 PagesNature versus nurture has been a continuing debate and is far from being settled. Whether or not our characteristics are determined by the environmental factors that surround us or they were imbedded in our genes is a question many scientists will argue. The challenge concerning the debate is that it is difficult to know if someone is born with traits or whether their environment affected them. It is unethical to take a child out of its natural surroundings to test nature versus nurture, so identical

Thomas Hobbes Argues That Reason Is Both A Cause Of War

Thomas Hobbes argues that reason is both a cause of war and a cause of peace. It is a cause of war because reason obeys the law of nature and human exercise the right of nature rationally will inevitably lead everyone to war. It is a cause of peace because the state of war is a bad place for everyone to function the law of their nature. Thus reason leads to a better but more vulnerable conditional state that is the state of peace. In this paper, I will explain this dual role of reason in Hobbes theory. I will do so by first explain what is the law of nature and what is the right of nature, and how does reason obey the law of nature inevitably lead human to war. Then I will explain the three rational laws that lead human to peace.†¦show more content†¦We fight to acquire what we desire, to defend what we have acquired or to acquire or defend our reputation. But in the states of war, we are not able to preserve our life well. Thus to preserve one’s life, reason makes human wants peace. The first law is saying: every man ought to endeavor peace, as far as he has the hope of obtaining it, and when he can’t obtain it, that he may seek and use all help and advantages of war. Which means if possible, peace is a choice of reason. However, making peace requires everyone to lay down parts of his rights. Thus we have the second law claiming that in the state of peace, a man is willing, when others are willing too and when the man is still able to defense himself, to lay down his right to all things and be content with so much liberty against other men, as he would allow other men against himself. Hobbs believes the only way to make peace is to lay down one s rights because as discussed in the previous part: retain the right of nature inevitably leads to war. But one could only lay down his rights while others are doing so as well because if he is the only one who is disarmed, he simply made himself a prey to his armed competitors and will be taken advantage of, which is not allowed by reason. Things could go smoothly if two people sign a contract and lay down their rights simultaneously. However, when they are signing aShow MoreRelatedEssay on Thomas Hobbes and The Human Nature685 Words   |  3 PagesThomas Hobbes was a 17th century British philosopher and political theorist in early modern times, known for his political thoughts. Witnessing the horrors of the English Civil War that took place from 1642–1651, Hobbes was convinced that an absolute monarchy was the only form of government that could protect individuals and their interests while providing a secure environment that allowed for practice of those interests. Hobbes writes about the idea of absolutism, or absolute monarchy- a form ofRead MoreRousseau s View On State Of Nature1551 Words   |  7 PagesIn Philosophy the argument of the state of nature often comes into discussion. However, two mainstream philosophers Thomas Hobbes and Jean- Jacques Rousseau have similarities, but mostly have multiple diff erent ideas on this theory. Although Hobbes makes valid points Rousseau s view on state of nature is more realistic then Hobbes. Rousseau’s view on the state of nature is interpreted as a forest, and refers to the â€Å"savage man†. He begins by explaining how he relates man to an animal he statesRead MoreThe Social Contract Theory Essay1249 Words   |  5 Pagesover the individuals, because men have to forfeit their personal right and freedom to the government, in exchange for protection and security, which I will further elaborate in this paper. In the book Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes was one of the first to discuss the social contract. Hobbes explains that all human beings are born in â€Å"the state of nature†, which means that all men used to live in the primitive state before the advent of society. In the state of nature, men needs two things in theirRead MoreThomas Hobbes Biography And View On Justice1447 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Hobbes Introduction Thomas Hobbes sees human from a mechanistic view that life is simply the motions of the organism believes that a state of nature in human kind will eventually become a state of war of all against all. He attempted to justify the absolute power of the sovereign on the basis of a hypothetical social contract in which individuals seek to protect themselves from one another by agreeing to obey the sovereign in all matters. The key element in Hobbes’s view on human natureRead MoreMachiavelli s On Human Nature1531 Words   |  7 Pageson Human Nature Niccolo Machiavelli and Thomas Hobbes were two modern political theorists who presented new ideas about political organization in the 16th and 17th century. While Machiavelli focused his written works on ideas related to effective governance, Hobbes attempts to explain the necessity of establishing a ruler to maintain peace and stability. Although Niccolo Machiavelli and Thomas Hobbes focused on different aspects of political theory, both thinkers addressed the concept of human natureRead MoreThomas Hobbes And The Philosophy Of Political Science1729 Words   |  7 Pagesgovernment. While studying, Thomas Hobbes wondered about why people were allowing themselves to be ruled and what would a great form of government for England. He reasoned that people were naturally wicked and shouldn’t be trusted to govern themselves because they were selfish creatures and would do anything to better their position and social status. These people, when left alone will go back to their evil im pulses to get a better advantage over others. So Thomas Hobbes concluded that the best formRead MoreJohn Lockes Views On The State Of Nature1272 Words   |  6 Pagesphilosopher Thomas Hobbes claimed that, â€Å"During the time men live without a common power to keep them all in awe, they are in that condition which is called war; and such a war as is of every man against every man† (Hobbes and Gaskin, 1998: p.77). In simpler terms, Hobbes is claiming that he believes mankind’s State of Nature is a constant State of War. Over time, philosophers and political theorists have come to disprove Hobbes’ theory, demonstrating that the State of Nature and the State of War are twoRead MoreThe State Of Nature And Government1315 Words   |  6 Pagessubject that Hobbes and Locke both discuss in their book. The enlightenment period was a time of Learning, new inventions, new theories, and new government. Two prominent figures that became known during the enlightenment wer e Thomas Hobbes (1588-1674) and John Locke (1632-1704). These enlightenment authors represent two different side of the political spectrum; Locke represents the right wing with his book â€Å"Second Treatise on Civil Government† and â€Å"A Letter Concerning Toleration† and Hobbes representRead MoreThomas Hobbes s Views On Human Nature And His Ideal Government1540 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Hobbes describes his views on human nature and his ideal government in Leviathan. He believes human nature is antagonistic, and condemns man to a life of violence and misery without strong government. In contrast to animals, who are able to live together in a society without a coercive power, Hobbes believes that men are unable to coexist peacefully without a greater authority because they are confrontational by nature. â€Å"In the nature of man†, Hobbes says â€Å"there are three principal causesRead MoreEssay about Thomas Hobbes Concept of Natural Law1662 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Hobbes’ concept of natural law is shown in his theory of the state of nature, the pre-state environment, and consists of two laws: individuals have to pursue a peaceful life, and are allowed to defend their existence by any means possible. This has particular ramifications in the formation of civil society, especially in terms of loyalty, morality and the relationship between man and the leviathan that is the state. Hobbes’ theory has two of flaws in particular – the logic in his theory of

Stryker Business Case free essay sample

Summary of Stryker Corp: Stryker Corporation is a medical technology firm, which develops and manufactures: medical implants, surgical and imaging technologies, as well as patient handling and emergency medical equipment produced for the healthcare industry. Stryker competes in the Medical instruments industry. The medical instrument industry provides consumers and society with many varying products and services that use technology to meet their health needs. More specifically Stryker instruments are used in reconstructive surgeries including hips, knees, and spinal injuries that need to be rebuilt or enhanced.Stryker is not only limited to reconstructive surgeries, but also create the equipment necessary to perform surgeries including operation rooms and general health-care equipment [1]. Stryker and other medical instruments producing companies provide doctors and surgeons with the necessary equipment for surgeries and patient care. Medical Technologies Industry: The size of the worldwide market for Medical Technology for the year 2011 was stated to be approximately $228. 7 Billion [1]. Of that total market Stryker competes in the following segments: reconstructive, Medical Surgery, and Neurotechnology and Spine.These three segments that Stryker competes in combined is equal to $67. 6 Billion of the overall $228. 7 Billion medical technology industry [1]. There are many different players in the medical instrument, but Stryker is a market leader in the medical instruments industry. In the year 2011 Stryker was the tenth largest medical technology company Worldwide based on sales revenues earned. The top four players of the Medical Technology industry include: Johnson Johnson, G. E. , Siemens, and Medtronic with respective sales in 2011 ranging from $25. 8 Billion at the top to the lowest at $15. 9 Billion. Stryker’s products and services competitive advantage use two different strategies. Stryker has segmented the Medical Technology market into three different segments to focus, and has captured a sizable portion of each of these segments. This source of competitive advantage is known as a focus strategy in which an organization such as Stryker provides products and services for a specific segment of the market. For example Stryker manufactures the tools and supplies for a reconstructive hip replacement surgery, this is an extremely specific product that an individual will only need to replace an old fractured hip.This product is only intended for an individual in need of surgery, and targets a very specific consumer rather than a mass audience. Reconstructive surgery is focused to a specific medical technology segment, and is common and expensive in older age groups of the population. Another source of competitive advantage for Stryker is that their products and services are di fferentiable, and have high brand equity with consumers, which includes surgeons, hospitals, and patients. Stryker is known for their quality products and services, which can be described as a differentiated strategy, which in the case of Stryker is known for their quality products and services. Company Leadership: Steve MacMillan resigned as Chairman, President and CEO of Stryker in February 2012. MacMillan accomplishments during his nine years as CEO were considered commendable. Past CEO Steve MacMillan strove to position Stryker for growth in a global marketplace, which is an ever-changing environment.His efforts involved focusing on improving Stryker’s core competencies, increase their global reach, enhancing operational efficiency, widening product and service offerings, and placing Stryker as an important resource to all people that will benefit from Stryker’s products. After MacMillan resignation, the board has chosen Curt Hartman, he has been on the Stryker team for twenty-two years. Hartman a person of talent, knowledge, and track record of success will serve as the interim CEO. Hartman has been a significant part of the Stryker team before being named the CEO by the board.Curt has been involved in building businesses, devising strategies, discovering and integrating acquisitions with notable outcomes. Hartman co-currently serves as Stryker’s CFO [2]. The board of directors is convinced that Curt is able to direct the company with liveliness, enthusiasm and continue to provide impressive results until a permanent CEO is selected. The board of directors of Stryker is currently in the process of appointing a permanent CEO, and is confident in Hartman as the Interim CEO, but is looking internally and externally for the most qualified individual for this position [2].Porter’s Five Forces: The Porter Five Forces Model is a tool used to highlight and analyze the competitive forces on an industry. The model charts the risk of entry into the industry by potential competitors, the bargaining power of buyers, the strength of the competitors, the bargain ing power of suppliers and the switching costs of substitute products within the industry. Below are the porter five forces model followed by an explanation of each threat. Potential competitors have not yet entered the industry but have the ability to enter the industry if they choose to.A low risk of entry by competitors does not represent a substantial threat to established companies profitability; while a high risk poses a substantial threat to an established company. A higher risk pressures established companies to maintain lower prices and expect lower returns than possible in a low risk environment. Although the rewards of entering the medical industry can be significant, there are numerous obstacles and barriers to entry. One such barrier is obtaining the approval of the FDA (Food and Drug Administration).Stryker Medical Group has the advantage of already being in the industry allowing it to avoid this major barrier. Because of the difficulty of obtaining FDA approval, Stryker enjoys a low risk of new competition entering the market. In addition to needing FDA approval, a potential new entrant would also need to overcome the strong local and international brand loyalty and close supply/distribution relationships that Stryker has maintained since its inception [3]. Buyer bargaining power is the ability of customers to increase or decrease a products price and quality based on consumer demand.Stryker has enjoyed a relatively low amount of buyer bargaining power due to its substantial brand loyalty. This is in part due to Stryker providing quality services such as: product training classes, in house sales teams, 24/7 customer support and overall reliable products [3]. Stryker faces many well-established competitors including Johnson and Johnson, Biomet and Medtronic. This competitive rivalry between firms is a struggle to gain market share from one another. There are many ways in which firms are able to compete including: pricing, service/ product support, and marketing or innovative product design [3].Technology has allowed these companies to create high quality products at extremely low costs in other countries such as China or Mexico. Increased technology also increases the amount of information available to firms, driving the need to continuously innovate products and reduce prices to remain competitive. Stryker currently occupies 37% of the Reconstructive Med Tech market, 48% of the Med Surge Med Tech Market and 16% of the Neuro-Technology and Spine segment of the Med Tech Market; with growth rates exceeding 5% per year.The stable growth Stryker has been generating has helped it maintain a leading role in face of intense competition [8]. The bargaining power of suppliers is the ability of a supplier to increase the price of required materials. Stryker’s suppliers have a low to medium level of power. The medical industry requires a minimum standard of quality and reliability, any supplier offering both for a low price will gain the opportunity to contract with Stryker. Stryker has a high demand for expensive, quality materials such as aluminum, cobalt and steel.